Browsing by Author "Rull, Kristiina"

Now showing 1 - 4 of 4

Human chorionic gonadotropin beta genes and recurrent miscarriage: expression and variation study
(2009-02-16T11:57:07Z) Rull, Kristiina
The study focuses on the expression and variation of the genes encoding beta-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) in the pathogensis of recurrent miscarriage. HCG, one of the first proteins produced by conceptus, is essential for the normal course of human pregnancy. Critical for hCG function is the beta-subunit of the hormone that is coded by four genes (CGB, CGB5, CGB7, CGB) sharing a common gene cluster with highly homologous luteinizing hormone beta-subunit and two beta-subunit non-coding CGB genes. The aim of the study was to (1) determine the expression profile of all CGB genes in trophoblastic tissue during the normal and complicated pregnancy (extrauterine pregnancy, recurrent miscarriage, molar pregnancy) and (2) find variants of HCG beta genes that are related to recurrent miscarriage by resequencing two most actively expressed genes in 284 patients and 195 fertile controls. The results of the study showed that the reduced hormone level in maternal serum in cases of recurrent miscarriages is associated to low transcriptional activity of CGB genes in trophoblastic tissue. The minor allele variants of six polymorphisms in promoter and intronic region of CGB5 and CGB8 reduce the risk of recurrent miscarriage up to 1.8 fold. All these variants occur more frequently in fertile women compared to the patients. Additionally, three non-synonymous amino acid substitutions in CGB5 and CGB8 were identified only in patients with recurrent miscarriage as possible risk variants. The high genetic variation in HCG beta genes may explain large interindividual differences in HCG level during the pregnancy. The results of this study could be applied in development of diagnostic methods for improving early and preventive treatment of recurrent miscarriage.
Korduv raseduse katkemine
(Tartu Ülikool, 2010) Rull, Kristiina
BeSt programmi toetusel valminud õpiobjekt "Korduv raseduse katkemine" on koostatud eesmärgiga anda sünnitusabi ja günekoloogia eriala spetsialistele, doktorantidele ja residentidele kaasajastatud ülevaade igapäevases kliinilises töös suhteliselt sageli esinevast probleemist. Õppematerjal koosneb nelja haigusjuhu analüüsist ja teoreetilisest osast, kus käsitletakse korduva raseduse riskitegureid, põhjusi ja ravi võimalusi. Õppematerjal sisaldab mitmeid testivormis küsimusi, mille abil saab hinnata oma teadmisi õppeprotsessi vältel. Kasutatud materjalid ja täiendavad infoallikad on toodud materjali lõpus teemade kaupa. Õppematerjali läbitöötamiseks kulub orienteeruvalt 10-12 tundi.
Naistehaigused ja sünnitusabi
(2010-12-09) Rull, Kristiina; Laanpere, Made; Part, Kai
BeSt programmi raames loodud e-kursus "Naistehaigused ja sünnitusabi" annab põhiteadmised sünnitusabi ja günekoloogia peamiste probleemide epidemioloogiast, patogeneesist, diagnostikast ja ravist, reproduktiivtervisest, sh pereplaneerimisest, viljatusest ning perinataalsest abist ning haiguste ennetamisest.
The Influence of Different Maternal Microbial Communities on the Development of Infant Gut and Oral Microbiota
(2017) Drell, Tiina; Štšepetova, Jelena; Simm, Jaak; Rull, Kristiina; Aleksejeva, Aira; Antson, Anne; Tillmann, Vallo; Metsis, Madis; Sepp, Epp; Salumets, Andres; Mändar, Reet
Very few studies have analyzed how the composition of mother’s microbiota affects the development of infant’s gut and oral microbiota during the first months of life. Here, microbiota present in the mothers’ gut, vagina, breast milk, oral cavity, and mammary areola were compared with the gut and oral microbiota of their infants over the first six months following birth. Samples were collected from the aforementioned body sites from seven mothers and nine infants at three different time points over a 6-month period. Each sample was analyzed with 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The gut microbiota of the infants harbored distinct microbial communities that had low similarity with the various maternal microbiota communities. In contrast, the oral microbiota of the infants exhibited high similarity with the microbiota of the mothers’ breast milk, mammary areola and mouth. These results demonstrate that constant contact between microbial communities increases their similarity. A majority of the operational taxonomic units in infant gut and oral microbiota were also shared with the mothers’ gut and oral communities, respectively. The disparity between the similarity and the proportion of the OTUs shared between infants’ and mothers’ gut microbiota might be related to lower diversity and therefore competition in infants’ gut microbiota.