Towards territorial cohesion? Path dependence and path innovation of regional policy in Central and Eastern Europe
Kuupäev
2018-11-12
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Abstrakt
See uuring vastab vajadusele mõista paremini regionaalarengu poliitilist ja institutsioonilist mõõdet Kesk- ja Ida-Euroopa (KIE) piirkondade suurenenud polariseerumise ja perifeerumise suunas. ELi regionaalpoliitika on suunanud investeeringud Euroopa mahajäänud piirkondadesse eesmärgiga edendada mitmetasandilist tasakaalustatud arengut, millest paljud riigid asuvad KIE riikides. ELi regionaalpoliitika käsitlustes on pööratud palju tähelepanu sisulisele poolele, kuid märgatavalt vähem on uuritud selle mõju KIE riikide institutsionaalsele arengule pärast ELiga liitumist. Võttes aluseks rajasõltuvuse mõiste ja ajaloolis- ja diskursiivne-institutsionaalne käsitlust, analüüsib käesolev uurimus muutusi ELi regionaalpoliitikas ja riikide institutsioonides, kasutades võrdlevat meetodit Tšehhi, Eesti ja Ungari näidete analüüsiks. Empiiriline analüüs heitis valgust erisustele riikliku regionaalpoliitika ja institutsionaalse arengu osas nii üleminekuperioodil ning samuti enne ja pärast ELga liitumist. Selles valguses võimaldab ajaloolis-institutsionaalne lähenemine analüüsida KIE riikides toimunud institutsionaalsete muutuste erinevaid mehhanisme nagu need hõlmavad seoseid sündmuste järjekorras ning reaktsioone ja tagasilööke Tšehhis ja Eestis ning institutsionaalset kihistumist Ungaris. Tulemused näitavad, et üleminekuperioodil ja ühinemiseelsel perioodil levis detsentraliseerimine ja / või piirkondadeks jaotamine, kuid peale ELga ühinemist toimus tsentraliseerimine. Lisaks võib tsentraliseerimist seostada institutsionaalse stabiilsuse ja suutlikkusega Tšehhis ja Eestis erinevalt Ungaris. ELi regionaalpoliitika raames aset leidnud tsentraliseerimine lükkab ümber detsentraliseerimise teoreetilised postulaadid ja ELi põhimõtted. Seepärast regionaalse ebavõrdsuse perspektiivist ei saa vaatlusaluste riikide näidete põhjal väita, et institutsionaalsed muutused aitasid pikas perspektiivis olukorra paranemisele kaasa. EL regionaalpoliitika reformid peaksid pöörama rohkem tähelepanu soovimatutele tulemustele, mis mõjutab institutsioone.
This research addresses the need for greater understanding of the political-institutional dimension of regional development amidst growing regional polarization and peripheralization in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). With an aim to promote multi-scalar balanced development, EU Regional Policy has directed investment into Europe’s lagging regions, many of which are located in CEE. While ample attention has been directed to the policy content in the Regional Policy discourse, less attention has been paid to institutional development in CEE countries since their accession. Using the concept of path dependence and historical and discursive institutionalist approaches, the transformations of Regional Policy and its related national institutions are investigated through a comparative study of Czechia, Estonia and Hungary. The empirical studies shed light on variations in domestic regional policy and institutional development in the transition, pre-accession and post-accession periods and enable reflection on different mechanisms of institutional transformation such as event sequencing and reactions and backlashes in Czechia and Estonia and institutional layering in Hungary. The results show that decentralization and/or regionalization were prevalent in the transition and pre-accession periods, but centralization occurred across the case countries after accession. Furthermore, centralization can be associated with institutional stability and capacity in Czechia and Estonia but the opposite in Hungary. Centralization of Regional Policy contradicts the literature on decentralization and regional inequalities and political principles of the EU. Accordingly, it can hardly be said that the emergent political-institutional arrangements supported an improvement in regional inequalities over the long term, and Regional Policy reforms should pay closer attention to the unintended effects of policy on institutional arrangements.
This research addresses the need for greater understanding of the political-institutional dimension of regional development amidst growing regional polarization and peripheralization in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). With an aim to promote multi-scalar balanced development, EU Regional Policy has directed investment into Europe’s lagging regions, many of which are located in CEE. While ample attention has been directed to the policy content in the Regional Policy discourse, less attention has been paid to institutional development in CEE countries since their accession. Using the concept of path dependence and historical and discursive institutionalist approaches, the transformations of Regional Policy and its related national institutions are investigated through a comparative study of Czechia, Estonia and Hungary. The empirical studies shed light on variations in domestic regional policy and institutional development in the transition, pre-accession and post-accession periods and enable reflection on different mechanisms of institutional transformation such as event sequencing and reactions and backlashes in Czechia and Estonia and institutional layering in Hungary. The results show that decentralization and/or regionalization were prevalent in the transition and pre-accession periods, but centralization occurred across the case countries after accession. Furthermore, centralization can be associated with institutional stability and capacity in Czechia and Estonia but the opposite in Hungary. Centralization of Regional Policy contradicts the literature on decentralization and regional inequalities and political principles of the EU. Accordingly, it can hardly be said that the emergent political-institutional arrangements supported an improvement in regional inequalities over the long term, and Regional Policy reforms should pay closer attention to the unintended effects of policy on institutional arrangements.
Kirjeldus
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Märksõnad
cohesion policy, regional policy, territorial cohesion, regional development, regional disparities, institutions, changes, institutionalism, Central and Eastern European Countries, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, comparative analysis