Unsupported Solution Blow Spinning: Dependence on Polymer, Solvent, and Blowing Parameters

Abstract

Fabrication of unsupported micro/nanofiber structures using Solution Blow Spinning (SBS) is a versatile method for creating fine fibers with potential applications in various fields such as biomedicine, filtration and soft robotics. While many methods exist for investigating non-woven tensile properties, the self-tensioning behavior of fibers post-spinning is less explored. This study addresses this gap by focusing on how internal tensions within the fibers influence their structure. The primary focus is on developing and refining methodologies to optimize fiber formation for applications requiring unsupported, freestanding structures during spinning. This work varied the solution composition, the type of polymer and solvent used, and incorporating additives like ionic liquids to enhance fiber formation properties. A methodology was developed for investigating tensioning of fibers post-spinning. Polyethylene oxide revealed limitations due to inadequate post-tensioning properties, the fibers were not able to endure their own tensioning force and ruptured. Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) showed potential yet also faced challenges in maintaining structural integrity under tension. Incorporating 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate ionic liquid into the poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) solution enhanced post-tensioning and reduced material fractures. This modification led to fibers capable of sustaining higher strains making them suitable for robust structural applications such as biomedical scaffolds. The study establishes a framework for the scalable production of unsupported fiber structures. The findings suggest that with further optimization, SBS could be used to produce different unsupported fiber-based constructs directly on anchors/supports instead of creating the structures after achieving supported fibrous mats.