Browsing by Author "Laas, Kariina"

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Depressioon südame isheemiatõve riskitegurina arvestades geneetilisi ja mittegeneetilisi riskitegureid
(2022) Luik, Marit; Lehto, Kelli; Laas, Kariina; Tartu Ülikool. Psühholoogia instituut; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaalteaduste valdkond
Digivahendite kasutuse, perfektsionismi ja vaimse tervise seosed Eesti koolilastel
(2022) Raudsepp, Ruudu; Laas, Kariina; Täht, Karin; Tartu Ülikool. Psühholoogia instituut; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaalteaduste valdkond
Family environment interacts with CRHR1 rs17689918 to predict mental health and behavioral outcomes
(2018) Roy, Arunima; Laas, Kariina; Kurrikoff, Triin; Reif, Andreas; Veidebaum, Toomas; Lesch, Klaus-Peter; Harro, Jaanus
Neuropeptide S and mental health: A functional receptor gene variant and environment shaping traits and contributing to psychiatric disorders
(2014-05-26) Laas, Kariina
Hiljutiavastatud neuropeptiid S (NPS) avaldab närilistel omapärast mõju, suurendades aktiivsust ja virgust samaaegselt ärevuse alandamisega. Inimesel on NPS retseptori geenis NPSR1 funktsionaalne A>T polümorfism (rs324981), mille T-alleeli kooditud retseptorvalk on signaali vahendamisel tõhusam. T-alleeli kandlus on seotud suurema virguse, kuid ka paanikahäirega, mistõttu on T-alleeli hakatud pidama riskialleeliks. Väitekirjas kajastatud rahvastikupõhiste uuringutega lõime tasakaalustatuma pildi NPSR1 toimimisest, leides nii soost kui keskkonnast sõltuvaid seoseid. Leidsime, et naistel, kellel on madalaima aktiivsusega NPSR1 genotüüp, AA, võib juba teismeeas meeleolu ja ärevuse regulatsiooniga raskusi olla. Mitteadaptiivsed jooned ilmnesid neil sagedamini just kehvade peresuhete korral, nagu ka suitsiidikatsed 18-ndaks ning ärevus- ning meeleoluhäired 25-ndaks eluaastaks. Sagedamini kujunes A-alleeliga naistel välja ka alkoholisõltuvushäire. Seevastu meestel oli NPSR1 T-alleel, eriti TT genotüüp, seotud hüperaktiivsuse ja impulsiivsusega, ning stressirikkad elusündmused tõstsid neid omadusi veelgi rohkem esile. Seetõttu pole üllatav, et T-alleeliga meeste hulgas oli oluliselt rohkem sõltuvushäireid. Huvitaval kombel raporteerisid sarnaselt naistega alkoholiga liialdamist täiskasvanuna hoopis AA genotüübiga mehed, mis viitab võimalikule täiendavale hilise algusega sõltuvuse tekkimise rajale: AA meestel tõusid adaptiivne impulsiivsus ja avatus oluliselt 25-ndaks eluaastaks, ning nad olid ka alkoholi kuritarvitamisele vastuvõtlikumad. Kas neil ka hiljem sõltuvus kujuneb, jääb tuleviku uuringute selgitada. NPSR on huvipakkuv sihtmärk ravimiarenduseks, kuna mõjutab virgust, emotsionaalseid reaktsioone ja alkoholi kuritarvitamist. AA ja TThomosügootide erinevaid emotsioonide reguleerimise viise on vaja sügavuti tundma õppida.
Nice guys: Homozygocity for the TPH2 -703G/T (rs4570625) minor allele promotes low aggressiveness and low anxiety
(2017) Laas, Kariina; Kiive, Evelyn; Mäestu, Jarek; Vaht, Mariliis; Veidebaum, Toomas; Harro, Jaanus
Background: Tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of serotonin. We examined whether the TPH2 polymorphism -703G/T (rs4570625) is associated with aggressiveness and impulsivity, and the prevalence of psychiatric disorders, in a population-representative sample. Methods: We used self and proxy reports on aggressive behaviour in the younger birth cohort of the longitudinal Estonian Children Personality, Behaviour and Health Study collected at age 25, and earlier collected impulsivity and related data of both ECPBHS cohorts. Results: The TT homozygous males reported less aggressive behaviour in the Life History of Aggression interview at age 25. They also had significantly lower scores in Illinois Bully Scale peer reports, and less ADHD symptoms rated by teachers both at ages 9 and 15. The TT homozygotes of both sexes had the lowest Maladaptive Impulsivity at ages 18 and 25, and the highest Adaptive Impulsivity at age 25. The TT homozygotes also had low depressiveness and trait anxiety by age 25, and the odds ratio for the prevalence of anxiety disorders was 9.38 for the G-allele carriers. Limitations: The main limitation of the study is the naturally occurring low number of subjects with the TT genotype. Conclusions: Subjects with the TPH2 rs4570625 TT genotype, especially males, exhibit less aggression and a favourable impulsivity profile, and develop anxiety disorders by young adulthood less often.
Orexin/hypocretin receptor gene (HCRTR1) variation is associated with aggressive behaviour
(ScienceDirect, 2019-09) Harro, Jaanus; Laas, Kariina; Eensoo, Diva; Kurrikoff, Triin; Sakala, Katre; Vaht, Mariliis; Parik, Jüri; Mäestu, Jarek; Veidebaum, Toomas
Orexins, alternatively called hypocretins, are neuropeptides with crucial role in maintaining wakefulness. The orexin system is thought to mediate a coordinated defense response but thus far investigated from the flight, but never fight, response perspective. An HCRTR1 gene variant (rs2271933 G > A) leading to amino acid substitution (Ile408Val) has been associated with migraine and mood disorders. We genotyped, and assessed aggressive behaviour in both birth cohorts (n = 655 and 583) of the Estonian Children Personality Behaviour and Health Study (ECPBHS). Measures of aggressiveness were collected at age 25 or 33 and data on stressful life events (SLE-s) at age 15. Violations of traffic law were monitored in the samples of the Estonian Psychobiological Study of Traffic Behaviour. In both birth cohorts of the ECPBHS, the HCRTR1 the A/A homozygotes reported higher aggression in both Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire and the Life History of Aggression Interview. With either measure of aggressiveness, the HCRTR1 genotype effect was dependent on experience of SLE, the highest level of aggressiveness increase by environment being found in female A/A homozygotes. The HCRTR1 A/A homozygotes scored higher in the ANGER facet of the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scale, while such an effect on FEAR was found only in females. Male HCRTR1 A/A homozygotes were more likely to relapse into drunk driving of a passenger car, and in two independent samples the A-allele carriers were causing traffic accidents more often. Conclusively, self-report, interview, and traffic record data converge indicating that the HCRTR1 Ile408Val genotype is associated with aggressiveness and breach of law. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled ‘Current status of the neurobiology of aggression and impulsivity’.
Psühhosotsiaalsete ohutegurite, töökiusu kogemise ja töötaja vaimse tervise vahelised seosed tervishoiutöötajate seas
(2022) Allvee, Anna Helena Ursula; Laas, Kariina; Tartu Ülikool. Psühholoogia instituut; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaalteaduste valdkond
Somaatiline ja vaimne tervis ning digiseadmete kasutamine noorukitel: une ja kehalise aktiivsuse roll
(2022) Mura?ina, Anastassia; Laas, Kariina; Tartu Ülikool. Psühholoogia instituut; Tartu Ülikool. Sotsiaalteaduste valdkond
Variants of the aggression-related RBFOX1 gene in a population representative birth cohort study: aggressiveness, personality and alcohol use disorder
(2020) Vaht, Mariliis; Laas, Kariina; Fernàndez-Castillo, Noèlia; Kurrikoff, Triin; Kanarik, Margus; Faraone, Stephen V.; Tooding, Liina-Mai; Veidebaum, Toomas; Franke, Barbara; Reif, Andreas; Cormand, Bru; Harro, Jaanus
Background Recently RBFOX1, a gene encoding an RNA binding protein, has consistently been associated with aggressive and antisocial behaviour. Several loci in the gene have been nominally associated with aggression in genome-wide association studies; the risk alleles being more frequent in general population. We have hence examined the association of four RBFOX1 single nucleotide polymorphisms, previously found related to aggressive traits, with aggressiveness, personality, and alcohol use disorder in birth cohort representative samples. Methods We used both birth cohorts of the Estonian Children Personality Behaviour and Health Study (ECPBHS; original n=1,238). Aggressiveness was assessed using the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire and the Lifetime History of Aggressiveness structured interview at age 25 (younger cohort) or 33 (older cohort). Big Five personality at age 25 was measured with self reports and the lifetime occurrence of alcohol use disorder assessed with the MINI interview. RBFOX1 polymorphisms rs809682, rs8062784, rs12921846 and rs6500744 were genotyped in all participants. Given the restricted size of the sample, correction for multiple comparisons was not applied. Results Aggressiveness was not significantly associated with RBFOX1 genotype. RBFOX1 rs8062784 was associated with neuroticism and rs809682 with extraversion. Two out of four analyzed RBFOX1 variants, rs8062784, and rs12921846, were associated with occurrence of alcohol use disorder. Conclusions In the birth cohort representative sample of the ECPBHS, no association of RBFOX1 with aggressiveness was found, but RBFOX1 variants affected basic personality traits and the prevalence of alcohol use disorder. Future studies on RBFOX1 should consider the moderating role of personality and alcohol use patterns in aggressiveness.