Function of adhesion molecules and signalling pathways in human endometrial and embryonic models
Kuupäev
2025-04-03
Autorid
Ajakirja pealkiri
Ajakirja ISSN
Köite pealkiri
Kirjastaja
Tartu Ülikooli Kirjastus
Abstrakt
Antud doktoritöö uurib naiste viljakust reguleerivaid molekulaarseid mehhanisme, mille mõistmine pakub olulisi teadmisi reproduktiivtervise kohta. Doktoritöös tuvastati uued molekulaarsed rajad, mis on seotud endomeetriumi ettevalmistumisega embrüo implantatsiooniks ehk pesastumiseks. Töö teostamiseks on kasutatud erinevaid molekulaarbioloogilisi meetodeid, nagu geenide ja valkude ekspressioonanalüüs, in vitro mudelid ja erinevad histotehnikad.
Tulemused näitavad, et mutsiinid mängivad olulist rolli endomeetriumi vastuvõtlikkuses. MUC20 ekspressioon tõuseb oluliselt kesk-sekretoorses faasis, viidates regulatiivsele koostoimele MET-retseptoriga, mis mõjutab epiteelirakkude adhesiooni ja morfogeneesi. Teine oluline avastus puudutab ROCK2 kinaasi rolli strooma detsidualiseerimise protsessis, mis valmistab endomeetriumi ette implantatsiooniks. Suurenenud ROCK2 ekspressioon ja aktiivsus põhjustavad stroomarakkudes muutusi ROCK/LIMK/cofilin raja kaudu, soodustades implantatsiooniks vajalikku sekretoorset fenotüüpi. Embrüoidkehade kui inimese embrüo alternatiivse mudeli kasutamine pakub teadlastele väärtuslikke teadmisi, kuna inimese embrüotega manipuleerimine on eetilistel põhjustel piiratud. Käesolev uuring näitab, et integriin β1 blokeerimine häirib embrüoidkehade moodustumist in vitro, rõhutades selle olulist rolli embrüo rakkude adhesioonis.
Antud doktoritöö annab uusi teadmisi endomeetriumi ja implantatsiooni bioloogiast. Tulevased uuringud peaksid põhjalikumalt uurima detsidualiseeritud endomeetriumi ja embrüo vahelisi molekulaarseid interaktsioone ja valideerima pakutud hüpoteetilisi mudeleid. Endomeetriumi rakkudes toimuvate mesenhümaalse-epiteliaalse ja vastupidi epiteliaalse-mesenhümaalse üleminekute uurimine on oluline implantatsiooni keerulise dünaamika mõistmiseks. Kuigi on veel palju lahtiseid küsimusi, rõhutab see doktoritöö embrüo implantatsiooni kui inimeste reproduktsiooni jaoks hädavajaliku protsessi keerukust ja fundamentaalset tähtsust.
This doctoral thesis explores molecular mechanisms regulating female fertility. The research identifies novel molecular pathways involved in endometrial physiology and early embryoid body development using molecular biology techniques such as gene expression analysis, protein assays, in vitro models, and histological approaches. Understanding these mechanisms provides crucial insights into reproductive health. Key findings reveal that mucins play a significant role in endometrial receptivity. Specifically, MUC20 expression increases in the mid-secretory endometrium, suggesting a regulatory interaction with the MET receptor, influencing epithelial cell adhesion and morphogenesis. Another critical discovery involves the role of ROCK2 kinase in decidualisation, a process essential for endometrial preparation before implantation. Elevated ROCK2 expression and activity drive changes in stromal cells through the ROCK/LIMK/cofilin pathway, promoting a secretory phenotype necessary for implantation. Given ethical constraints on human embryo manipulation, alternative models such as embryoid bodies provide valuable insights. This study demonstrates that blocking integrin β1 disrupts embryoid body formation in vitro, underscoring its essential role in cell adhesion. Despite these contributions, the study has limitations, as direct cell-to-cell interactions remain hypothetical, and no clinical trials validate the findings. However, the research advances endometrial and implantation biology knowledge, paving the way for improved infertility diagnostics and therapies. Future work should explore the molecular interactions between the decidualised endometrium and embryo in greater depth. Understanding epithelial-mesenchymal transitions in endometrial cells is crucial for grasping the complex dynamics of implantation. While many questions remain, this research highlights the intricate and fundamental nature of embryo implantation, a process vital for human reproduction.
This doctoral thesis explores molecular mechanisms regulating female fertility. The research identifies novel molecular pathways involved in endometrial physiology and early embryoid body development using molecular biology techniques such as gene expression analysis, protein assays, in vitro models, and histological approaches. Understanding these mechanisms provides crucial insights into reproductive health. Key findings reveal that mucins play a significant role in endometrial receptivity. Specifically, MUC20 expression increases in the mid-secretory endometrium, suggesting a regulatory interaction with the MET receptor, influencing epithelial cell adhesion and morphogenesis. Another critical discovery involves the role of ROCK2 kinase in decidualisation, a process essential for endometrial preparation before implantation. Elevated ROCK2 expression and activity drive changes in stromal cells through the ROCK/LIMK/cofilin pathway, promoting a secretory phenotype necessary for implantation. Given ethical constraints on human embryo manipulation, alternative models such as embryoid bodies provide valuable insights. This study demonstrates that blocking integrin β1 disrupts embryoid body formation in vitro, underscoring its essential role in cell adhesion. Despite these contributions, the study has limitations, as direct cell-to-cell interactions remain hypothetical, and no clinical trials validate the findings. However, the research advances endometrial and implantation biology knowledge, paving the way for improved infertility diagnostics and therapies. Future work should explore the molecular interactions between the decidualised endometrium and embryo in greater depth. Understanding epithelial-mesenchymal transitions in endometrial cells is crucial for grasping the complex dynamics of implantation. While many questions remain, this research highlights the intricate and fundamental nature of embryo implantation, a process vital for human reproduction.
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